Table 2.

Coefficients of the generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and phylogenetic comparisons of how seed mass, seed shape and the proportion of permeable seeds (perm) explain seed mortality in the heat shock treatments that killed a significant proportion of the seeds (100 °C 3 min and 200 °C 1 min). Forest and savanna trees were grouped in this analysis because this growth-form showed less effect from heat shocks in comparison to shrubs (Table 1)

		GLMMs			Phylogenetic comparison
		Estimate	s.e.	P	Estimate	s.e.	P
All species
100 °C 3 min	Intercept	−4.141	1.393	—	−0.369	0.867	—
	mass	−0.427	0.289	n.s.	0.255	0.172	n.s.
	shape	0.006	0.071	n.s.	0.001	0.042	n.s.
	perm	0.009	0.012	n.s.	−0.009	0.007	n.s.
All species
200 °C 1 min	Intercept	−4.229	1.007	—	−1.526	0.926	—
	mass	−0.731	0.211	<0.001	−0.188	0.190	n.s.
	shape	0.011	0.054	n.s.	0.009	0.037	n.s.
	perm	0.017	0.009	n.s.	0.006	0.006	n.s.
Trees (forest and woody savanna)
200 °C 1 min	Intercept	−4.055	1.157	—	−3.899	1.041	—
	mass	−0.500	0.351	n.s.	−0.696	0.269	0.032
	shape	0.049	0.076	n.s.	0.004	0.055	n.s.
	perm	0.009	0.011	n.s.	0.006	0.008	n.s.
Shrubs (grassy savanna)
200 °C 1 min	Intercept	−2.917	2.284	—	−2.722	1.673	—
	mass	−0.114	0.495	n.s.	−0.041	0.323	n.s.
	shape	0.117	0.115	n.s.	0.190	0.080	n.s.
	perm	0.034	0.012	0.006	0.024	0.010	n.s.

s.e. = standard error; n.s. = non-significant.