Fig. 4.

The dopamine response during the safety period tracks active avoidance performance. (A) Example Learner rat illustrating the cumulative number of escape and avoid responses as a function of training sessions. Large symbols denote sessions where >50% cumulative responses occurred. (B) Sessions where >50% cumulative response occurred for Escape and Avoid responses across Learner rats, **P < 0.01 paired t test. (C) Time course of the dopamine response during the safety period on Escape and Avoid trials in Learner rats, ***P < 0.001 main effect of trial type. (D) Average safety dopamine response across electrodes, *P < 0.05 paired t test. (E) Premotor dopamine response on avoid trials. (F) Premotor dopamine response across training sessions, *P < 0.05 paired t test. (G) Time course of dopamine response during the safety period on Escape and No Response trials in Non-Learner rats.