Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Pathological Results.
| Variable | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Total, No. | 741 |
| Sex | |
| Male | 480 (64.8) |
| Female | 261 (35.2) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 60.4 (12.0) |
| cT stage | |
| cT3 | 515 (69.5) |
| cT4 | 226 (30.5) |
| cN stage | |
| cN0 | 215 (29.0) |
| cN1 | 289 (39.0) |
| cN2 | 237 (32.0) |
| Location of lateral lymph node | |
| None visible | 256 (34.5) |
| External iliac | 32 (4.3) |
| Obturator | 304 (41.1) |
| Internal iliac | 149 (20.1) |
| Preoperative radiotherapy | |
| Short course | 89 (12.0) |
| Long course | 652 (88.0) |
| Operation | |
| Low anterior resection | 322 (43.4) |
| Hartmann operation | 16 (2.2) |
| Intersphincteric resection | 102 (13.8) |
| (Extended) abdominoperineal resection | 292 (39.4) |
| Pelvic exenteration | 9 (1.2) |
| LLND | |
| No | 651 (87.9) |
| Yes | 90 (12.1) |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | |
| No | 433 (58.4) |
| Yes | 262 (35.4) |
| Missing | 46 (6.2) |
| ypT stage | |
| ypT0 | 120 (16.2) |
| ypT1 | 45 (6.1) |
| ypT2 | 191 (25.8) |
| ypT3 | 330 (44.5) |
| ypT4 | 55 (7.4) |
| ypN stage | |
| ypN0 | 513 (69.3) |
| ypN1 | 150 (20.2) |
| ypN2 | 78 (10.5) |
| R status | |
| R0 | 697 (94.1) |
| R1 | 44 (5.9) |
Abbreviations: LLND, lateral lymph node dissection; R, residual tumor.