Table 2. Multivariate Analyses of Risk Factors for Lateral Local Recurrence, Local Recurrence, Distant Recurrence, and Cancer-Specific Survival Among 651 Patients Who Underwent Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy With Total Mesorectal Excisiona.
| Variable | Lateral Local Recurrence | Local Recurrence | Distant Recurrence | Cancer-Specific Survival | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | .04 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Female | NA | 1.7 (1.0-3.0) | NA | NA | ||||
| Age, y | ||||||||
| <62 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | .049 | 1 [Reference] | .01 |
| ≥62 | NA | NA | 1.4 (1.4-1.8) | 1.7 (1.1-2.5) | ||||
| cT stage | ||||||||
| cT3 | 1 [Reference] | .64 | 1 [Reference] | .31 | 1 [Reference] | .29 | 1 [Reference] | .19 |
| cT4 | 1.2 (0.6-2.5) | 1.3 (0.8-2.4) | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) | 1.4 (0.9-2.1) | ||||
| cN stage | ||||||||
| cN0 | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | .08 | 1 [Reference] | .001 | 1 [Reference] | .02 |
| cN1 | NA | 1.1 (0.5-2.3) | 1.5 (1.0-2.3) | 1.1 (0.7-1.9) | ||||
| cN2 | NA | 2.0 (1.0-3.9) | 2.2 (1.4-3.3) | 1.9 (1.1-3.1) | ||||
| Location of lateral lymph node | ||||||||
| None visible | 1 [Reference] | .01 | 1 [Reference] | .08 | 1 [Reference] | .007 | NA | NA |
| External iliac | 1.6 (0.2-14.5) | 2.6 (0.9-7.0) | 2.5 (1.4-4.4) | NA | ||||
| Obturator | 2.4 (0.8-7.6) | 0.9 (0.5-1.8) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | NA | ||||
| Internal iliac | 5.9 (1.8-19.4) | 1.7 (0.8-3.8) | 0.8 (0.5-1.4) | NA | ||||
| SA node size and malignant features | ||||||||
| <7 mm on Primary MRI | 1 [Reference] | .01 | 1 [Reference] | .17 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| ≥7 mm on Primary MRI and ≤4 mm on restaging MRI with no malignant features | 0.6 (0.1-4.9) | 1.0 (0.3-3.3) | NA | NA | ||||
| ≥7 mm on Primary MRI and >4 mm on restaging MRI with no malignant features | 2.8 (0.8-9.9) | 2.1 (0.8-5.4) | NA | NA | ||||
| ≥7 mm on Primary MRI and >4 mm on restaging MRI with malignant features | 4.0 (1.7-9.5) | 2.1 (1.0-4.6) | NA | NA | ||||
| Operation | ||||||||
| Sphincter preserving | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | .18 | 1 [Reference] | .06 |
| Non–sphincter preserving | NA | NA | 1.2 (0.9-1.7) | 1.5 (1.0-2.3) | ||||
| R status | ||||||||
| R0 | 1 [Reference] | .21 | 1 [Reference] | .003 | 1 [Reference] | .001 | 1 [Reference] | <.001 |
| R1 | 2.0 (0.7-5.9) | 3.1 (1.5-6.6) | 2.4 (1.4-4.0) | 3.9 (2.1-6.6) | ||||
| Response | ||||||||
| Complete response | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | <.001 | 1 [Reference] | <.001 | 1 [Reference] | <.001 |
| Tumor response | NA | 2.5 (0.8-8.5) | 2.6 (1.4-4.9) | 2.4 (1.0-5.9) | ||||
| No response | NA | 5.7 (1.7-18.7) | 4.9 (2.6-9.2) | 5.1 (2.1-12.1) | ||||
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not applicable; R, residual tumor; SA, short-axis.
a
Comparisons that were not significant on univariate analysis did not undergo multivariate analyses.