Table 3. Exposure prevalence, stroke event and hazard ratios for selected modifiable individual exposures, after multiple imputation, adjustment for age, sex and the DAG mode.

Individual behaviours
Exposure	N Total population*	n No. of incident strokes	HR	95% CI	p-value	HR	95% CI	p-value
Active smoking								<0.001
Never smoker	24,213	193	1	(ref)		1
Ex/occasional smoker	11,399	172	1.38	1.04 to 1.84	0.026	1.29	0.94 to 1.79	0.119
Current smoker	13,747	220	2.54	1.99 to 3.25	<0.001	2.23	1.67 to 2.98	<0.001
Alcohol consumption						Variable dropped**
Never drinker	2,445	32	1	(ref)
Ex-drinker	2,927	36	1.03	0.43 to 2.49	0.948
Light drinker	5,538	83	0.98	0.45 to 2.14	0.950
Moderate drinker	22,998	228	0.98	0.48 to 1.99	0.957
Hazardous/harmful drinker	10,365	79	0.96	0.39 to 2.34	0.920
Fruit and vegetable consumption	43,223	403	0.88	0.77 to 1.02	0.088
Physical activity
High	17,110	96	1			1
Medium	15,074	141	1.16	0.81 to 1.67	0.400	1.38	0.86 to 2.22	0.179
Low	15,532	313	1.62	1.11 to 2.35	0.013	1.12	0.73 to 1.71	0.605
Physiological exposures
High BMI (per kg/m2)	44,855	527	1.03	1.01 to 1.06	0.017	1.02	1.00 to 1.06	0.054
High total cholesterol (per mmol/l)	20,325	315	0.97	0.88 to 1.07	0.572	Variable dropped**
High systolic blood pressure (per mm Hg)	23,124	379	1.03	1.01 to 1.05	0.006	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	<0.001

* Total population numbers based on the 20^th imputation

** Variable dropped from model as not found to be statistically significant in the age-sex adjusted model.