Table 2. Hematology and immunology.
| Biomarker | Reference interval | Group | Before surgery | Pre-intervention | 3 h post-intervention | 6 h post-intervention | 1st postop. day | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hemoglobin (mmol/l) (Mean±SD) |
7.3–10.5 | RIPC | 7.7 ± 1.0 | 7.3 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 6.9 ± 1.0 | 6.3 ± 0.9 | 0.20 |
| Sham | 7.6 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 0.9 | 6.9 ± 0.9 | 6.7 ± 0.9 | 6.2 ± 0.8 | |||
| EVF (Mean±SD) |
0.35–0.50 | RIPC | 0.37 ± 0.05 | 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.34 ± 0.05 | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 0.30 ± 0.05 | 0.17 |
| Sham | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.35 ± 0.04 | 0.33 ± 0.04 | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.30 ± 0.04 | |||
| Leukocytes (x 109 / l) (Mean±SD) |
3.5–10.0 | RIPC | 7.4 ± 2.4 | 10.3 ± 3.6 | 13.4 ± 4.4 | 14.7 ± 4.7 | 11.9 ± 3.9 | 0.63 |
| Sham | 7.8 ± 2.5 | 10.6 ± 4.0 | 14.5 ± 3.5 | 15.2 ± 3.9 | 12.3 ± 3.6 | |||
| CRP (mg/l) Median(IQR) |
< 8.0 | RIPC | 6.4 (2.7–10.9) |
5.5 (2.8–10.6) |
6.1 (3.4–11.5) |
12.2 (8.7–22.2) |
79.3 (47.1–101.9) |
0.20 |
| Sham | 3.8 (2.0–7.3) |
3.9 (1.7–7.2) |
4.6 (2.8–12.5) |
10.0 (6.1–16.7) |
77.7 (59.4–91.1) |
The reference intervals are common for healthy men and women from our laboratory. P-values represent the multivariate repeated measures ANOVA testing the difference between groups over time.
Abbreviations: CRP: C-reactive protein, EVF: erythrocyte volume fraction, IQR: interquartile range, RIPC: remote ischemic preconditioning, SD: standard deviation.