Fig. 2. Memantine ameliorated cognitive impairments of 3×Tg-AD (AD) mice. (A~B) Memantine significantly increased the step-down latency and reduced the number of errors made by AD mice in the step-down passive avoidance (SDA) test. (C) Memantine improved the novel object recognition abilities (measured as Discrimination Index, DI) in AD mice in the novel object recognition (NOR) test. Bar graphs show mean±SEM, n=13 each group, ^*p<0.05 or ^**p<0.01 vs. WT group, and ^#p<0.05 vs. AD group by two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test (ANOVA).