Table 1.

Summary of the studies investigating the density of IWMNs underneath the cortex in subjects with schizophrenia

Study	Brain regiona	Brodmann areab	Sample sizec	Neuronal markerd	Density of IWMNs
					Superficial white matter	Deep white matter
Akbarian, et al.70	DLPFC	NR	5:5	NAPDH	Decreased	Increased
Molnar, et al.73	DLPFC	NR	18:18	NADPH	Unchanged	Unchanged
Akbarian, et al.67	DLPFC	NR	20:20	MAP2	Increased	Unchanged
Anderson, et al.68	DLPFC	BA46	5:5	MAP2	Increased	Unchanged
Beasley, et al.74	DLPFC	BA9/10	15:15	MAP2	Unchanged	Unchanged
Kirkpatrick, et al.69	IPC	BA39	5:7e	MAP2	Increasedf	Not examined
Rioux, et al.71	PHG	NR	41:15	MAP2	Unchanged	Increased
Ikeda, et al.72	DLPFC	BA9	14:6	NPY	Unchanged	Increased
Eastwood and Harrison56	DLPFC	BA22	12:14	NeuN and Reelin	Increased	Unchanged
Eastwood and Harrison57	DLPFC	BA22	11:12	NeuN	Increased	Unchanged
Connor, et al.58	CWM	BA33	22:45:(15)g	NeuN	Increasedg	Unchanged
Yang, et al.59	DLPFC	BA46	37:29	NeuN and SST	Increased	Unchanged
Joshi, et al.22	OFC	BA11	38:38	GAD NeuN	Increased	Unchanged
McFadden, et al.75	DLPFC	BA9/BA46	39:61	Nissl	Unchanged	Not examined

Adapted from Eastwood and Harrison⁵⁶

^aDLPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, IPC inferior parietal cortex, PHG parahippocampal gyrus, CWM cingulate white matter, OFC orbitofrontal cortex

^bNR not reported

^cNumber of subjects with schizophrenia: to the number of control subjects

^dNeuN neuronal nuclear antigen, MAP2 microtubule associated protein 2, NADPH nicotinamide–adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase, SST somatostatin, NPY neuropeptide Y

^eSubjects with schizophrenia split into deficit and nondeficit subgroups

^fSignificant in the deficit subgroup only

^gNumber of cases with bipolar disorder where the increase of IWMN was also observed is shown in brackets