Effect of insulin on PcdrA-gfp expression in the PAO1 strain, PAO1/Plac-yhjH strain and PAO1ΔwspF strain in microplates. The PAO1 strain containing the PcdrA-gfp vector, which can provide a fluorescent readout of the intracellular level of c-di-GMP in P. aeruginosa, was resuscitated and grown at 37°C in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. After 24 hours of cultivation, the microplates were observed by fluorescence microscopy (A). PcdrA-gfp fluorescence and OD600 values were measured and recorded as relative fluorescence unit (RFU) values after 12 hours of incubation. The mean and SD of RFUs from at least triplicate experiments are shown (B). Note: *P < 0.05 compared with the control group, **P < 0.01 compared with the control group.