Table 3. Results of chi-squared tests for differences in the frequencies of sex-biased vs. -unbiased genes, male- vs. female-biased genes, and candidate sex-determining genes (CG) vs. other genes (not CG) between the pseudoautosomal region (PAR), the sex-linked region (SL), linkage group 1 (LG1), and autosomes (Au).

	Sex-biased vs. unbiased			Female-biased vs. male-biased			Candidate gene vs. other gene
	Unbiased	Sex-biased	Total	Female biased	Male biased	Total	Not CG	CG	Total
PAR	1168	41	1,209	22	19	41	1,177	32	1,209
	96.6%	3.4%	100%	53.7%	46.3%	100%	97.4%	2.6%	100%
SL	536	32	568	16	16	32	546	22	568
	94.4%	5.6%	100%	50%	50%	100%	96.1%	3.9%	100%
Total	1704	73	1777	38	35	73	1,723	54	1,777
	95.9%	4.1%	100%	52.1%	47.9%	100%	97%	3%	100%
Test	χ2 = 4.381 df = 1 ϕ = 0.053 P = 0.036*			χ2 = 0.006 df = 1 ϕ = 0.036 P = 0.941			χ2 = 1.578 df = 1 ϕ = 0.033 P = 0.209
Au	8056	243	8,299	90	153	243	8094	207	8,301
	97.1%	2.9%	100%	37%	63%	100%	97.5%	2.5%	100%
LG1	1704	73	1,777	38	35	73	1,723	54	1,777
	95.9%	4.1%	100%	52.1%	47.9%	100%	97%	3%	100%
Total	9760	316	10,076	128	188	316	9817	261	10,078
	96.9%	3.1%	100%	40.5%	59.5%	100%	97.4%	2.6%	100%
Test	χ2 = 6.326 df = 1 ϕ = 0.026 P = 0.012*			Χ2 = 4.649 df = 1 ϕ = 0.129 P = 0.031*			χ2 = 1.515 df = 1 ϕ = 0.013 P = 0.218
Au	8056	243	8,299	90	153	243	8094	207	8,301
	97.1%	2.9%	100%	37%	63%	100%	97.5%	2.5%	100%
SL	536	32	568	16	16	32	546	22	568
	94.4%	5.6%	100%	50%	50%	100%	96.1%	3.9%	100%
Total	8,592	275	8,867	106	169	275	8640	229	8,869
	96.9%	3.1%	100%	38.5%	61.5%	100%	97.4%	2.6%	100%
Test	χ2 = 12.066 df = 1 ϕ = 0.038 P < 0.001*			χ2 = 1.496 df = 1 ϕ = 0.085 P = 0.221			χ2 = 3.493 df = 1 ϕ = 0.021 P = 0.062

^*Significant difference.