Table 2.

Trends in prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia among U.S. adults aged ≥ 18 years by glycemic status, NHANES 1988 to 2014

	1988–1994	1999–2004	2005–2010	2011–2014	Δ from 88–94 to 11–14	P interaction
	n=8007	n=6640	n=7861	n=5463		P trend
Hypertension						<0.001
Diagnosed diabetes	38.9 (36.1–41.7)	50.5 (46.7–54.2)	54.7 (50.9–58.4)	55.5 (51.4–59.5)	+16.6 (11.9, 21.3)	<0.001
Undiagnosed diabetes	35.7 (30.8–40.8)	48.9 (41.1–56.7)	46.3 (39.2–53.5)	49.8 (41.4–58.3)	+14.1 (4.5, 23.7)	0.014
Prediabetes	26.9 (24.9–29.0)	35.5 (33.1–38.1)	35.2 (32.9–37.6)	36.6 (32.8–40.5)	+9.7 (5.4, 14.0)	<0.001
Normal glycemic status	18.9 (17.3–20.7)	26.4 (24.6–28.3)	21.8 (20.1–23.6)	25.0 (22.7–27.4)	+6.0 (3.3, 8.7)	0.002
Dyslipidemia						<0.001
Diagnosed diabetes	53.4 (48.7–58.0)	51.9 (49.2–54.5)	53.5 (50.4–56.7)	63.2 (59.3–67.0)	+9.8 (3.9, 15.7)	0.001
Undiagnosed diabetes	46.5 (40.7–52.3)	53.8 (47.0–60.5)	53.0 (46.3–59.5)	53.1 (43.9–62.1)	+6.6 (−4.2, 17.4)	0.284
Prediabetes	53.1 (48.7–57.4)	50.5 (47.5–53.4)	46.1 (43.8–48.4)	51.2 (47.0–55.3)	−1.9 (−7.8, 4.0)	0.281
Normal glycemic status	36.8 (34.1–39.7)	38.5 (36.5–40.6)	33.7 (31.7–35.7)	31.0 (28.2–33.9)	−5.8 (−9.7, −1.9)	0.001

Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examinations Surveys

All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity

P for trend: Calculated for each glycemic status group by including a continuous variable for the midpoint of each survey period in logistic regression models; significant values indicated variation over time within glycemic groups

P for interaction: significant P-values indicated varying associations between prevalence estimates over time across glycemic groups