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. 2019 Jul 2;10:1491. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01491

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Copyright © 2019 Jia, Gong, Zhao, Yang, Ji, Luan, Zang and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of ALA on autophagy in the kidney of CLP-induced septic rats. (A) TEM of kidney tissue from septic rats. Scale bar: 1 μm. (B) Western blot analysis of LC3, Atg5, Atg7, beclin-1, and p62 expression in the kidney. ALA downregulated p62 and upregulated the other autophagy-associated proteins in the kidney of septic rats. 3-MA significantly inhibited the expression of these proteins. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD, n = 8. **P < 0.01 vs. sham-operated rats; ^##P < 0.01 vs. CLP-operated rats, ^††P < 0.01 vs. ALA-treated CLP rats.