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. 2019 Jul 2;10:1511. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01511

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Copyright © 2019 Arioz, Tastan, Tarakcioglu, Tufekci, Olcum, Ersoy, Bagriyanik, Genc and Genc.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Melatonin treatment inhibited microglial activation and expression of NLRP3. Hippocampal sections were stained with Iba1 as the microglia marker (green) and NLRP3 (red). Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). (A) Hippocampal sections were double stained for Iba1 and NLRP3 to localize and assess microglial activation and NLRP3 protein levels. (B) Melatonin significantly decreased NLRP3 intensity. (C) Increased Iba1 intensity by LPS induction was lowered with melatonin treatment. (D) Decreased Iba1-NLRP3 co-localization in melatonin treated mice. (E) Number of activated microglia ameliorated by melatonin treatment. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M, n = 5. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001 compared to control group and ^#p < 0.05 and ^###p < 0.001 compared to LPS-induced mice.