Figure 7.

Melatonin inhibited intracellular and mitochondrial ROS production and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. N9 microglial cells were pretreated with melatonin (500 μM) for 1 h, then treated with LPS (1 μg) for 4 h and ATP (5 mM) for 1 h. (A) Melatonin pretreatment reduced intracellular ROS production. (B,C) Melatonin also decreased mitochondrial ROS production in melatonin pretreated cells compared with LPS and ATP induced cells. (D,E) Melatonin pretreatment restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M, n = 5. **p < 0.01 compared to control and ^#p < 0.05 compared to LPS and ATP induced cells.