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. 2019 Jul 2;10:1511. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01511

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Copyright © 2019 Arioz, Tastan, Tarakcioglu, Tufekci, Olcum, Ersoy, Bagriyanik, Genc and Genc.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Nrf2 transcription factor is translocated to nucleus by melatonin and involved in protection against NLRP3 inflammasome activation. N9 microglial cells were treated with melatonin (500 μM) for 0–6 h. (A,B) Melatonin induced translocation of Nrf2 transcription factor to nucleus. Sulforaphane was used as positive control. (C) Nrf2 target genes were upregulated with melatonin treatment. (D,E) Melatonin increased translocation of Nrf2 in hippocampus. siRNA-mediated Nrf2 knockdown reversed the protective effect of melatonin against (F) Il-1β mRNA level, (G) NLRP3 mRNA level, (H,I) NLRP3 protein level, (J) pyroptotic cell death, (K) mitochondrial ROS production. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M, n = 5. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared to control, ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, compared to LPS and ATP induced cells.