Table 1:

miRNA regulation of Runx2 expression in osteogenesis:

miRNA	Regulatory Function	Mode of Action	Target Gene/Pathway	References
MiR-10a	Promotes	Promotes ossification	ID3/Runx2 axis	[54]
MiR-15b	Promotes	Promotes osteoblast differentiation	Protects Runx2 protein from Smurf1 mediated degradation	[55, 56]
MiR-23a-27a-24–2	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation and apoptosis	Runx2, Satb2, FAK	[19, 24]
Mir-29b	Promotes	Promotes osteogenic differentiation	Induces Runx2 expression	[57]
MiR-30c	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2, Smad1	[24]
MiR-31	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation	Suppressed by Runx2, targets Satb2, Sp7, OSX	[58–61]
MiR-34c	Inhibits	Inhibits proliferation and differentiation	Runx2, SATB2, Notch Pathway	[24, 62, 63]
MiR-103a	Inhibits	Inhibits osteogenesis	Runx2	[47]
MiR-133a	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[24]
MiR-135a	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[24]
MiR-137	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[24]
Mir-146	Promotes	Promotes osteogenesis	Targets Smad3, enhances Runx2	[64, 55]
MiR-203	Inhibits	Inhibits heterotopic ossification	Runx2	[65]
MiR-204/211	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2,Sost2	[24]
MiR-205	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[24]
MiR-217	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[24]
MiR-218	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[24]
MiR-221	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation	Runx2	[44]
MiR-320	Suppresses	Suppresses osteogenic differentiation	Runx2	[66, 42]
MiR-322	Promotes	Promotes osteogenesis in response to BMP-2	Enhances expression of Runx2, Osx,	[67]
MiR-338	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2, Sfrp2, Dkk2	[24]
MiR-370	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2	[68]
MiR-455–3p	Promotes and suppresses	Promotes early chondrogenic differentiation and suppress maturation	Runx2	[66, 69]
MiR-467g	Negatively regulates	Negatively regulates osteogenesis	Ihh/Runx2 signalling	[70]
MiR-628–3p	Inhibits	Inhibits osteogenesis	Runx2	[46]
MiR-690	Positively affects	Positive effect on osteogenic differentiation	Regulated by Runx2	[22]
MiR-705	Inhibits	Enhances adipogenic differentiation	Runx2 and HoxA10	[71, 55]
MiR-2861	Promotes	Promotes osteoblast differentiation by BMP-2	Regulates Runx2 via HDAC5	[72, 55]
MiR-3077–5p	Inhibits	Inhibits osteoblast differentiation	Runx2 and HoxA10	[71]
MiR-3960	Induces	Induces osteoblast differentiation	Suppresses HoxA2 which inhibits Runx2	[14, 55]