Table 3.

Associations of penKid and worsening renal function

Univariable		HARVEST-Malmö			GREAT Network Rome		Pooled cohort
		N=323 (30 events)			N=178 (37 events)		N=501 (67 events)
	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Age	0.98	0.95 to 1.02	0.299	1.01	0.97 to 1.04	0.715	1.00	0.98 to 1.03	0.932
Sex	6.72	1.57 to 28.8	0.010	0.94	0.48 to 1.84	0.847	1.22	0.73 to 2.04	0.443
Diabetes	1.40	0.65 to 3.03	0.389	1.12	0.56 to 2.2	0.751	1.23	0.74 to 2.04	0.425
SBP	1.00	0.98 to 1.01	0.621	1.01	1.00 to 1.02	0.158	1.01	1.00 to 1.02	0.100
ACE-i	0.72	0.34 to 1.52	0.384	1.32	0.66 to 2.64	0.432	0.83	0.51 to 1.37	0.468
ARB	0.60	0.22 to 1.64	0.320	0.52	0.21 to 1.31	0.165	0.54	0.28 to 1.06	0.074
Betablockers	1.32	0.38 to 4.56	0.665	1.20	0.61 to 2.36	0.590	0.81	0.47 to 1.39	0.444
Prior HF	1.14	0.84 to 1.55	0.407	0.71	0.35 to 1.42	0.330	0.90	0.62 to 1.31	0.590
Creatinine	2.73	1.79 to 4.18	<0.001	1.16	0.83 to 1.62	0.396	1.63	1.28 to 2.08	<0.001
BNP	1.16	0.79 to 1.70	0.459	0.90	0.64 to 1.26	0.532	1.01	0.78 to 1.29	0.966
PenKid	1.81	1.21 to 2.70	0.004	1.37	0.99 to 1.89	0.059	1.67	1.31 to 2.14	<0.001

Multivariable
Age							0.98	0.95 to 1.01	0.173
Sex							1.54	0.80 to 2.98	0.197
Diabetes							0.92	0.51 to 1.66	0.919
SBP							1.00	0.99 to 1.01	0.373
ACEi							0.80	0.43 to 1.50	0.483
ARB							0.47	0.21 to 1.04	0.063
BB							0.98	0.50 to 1.91	0.946
Prior HF							1.02	0.72 to 1.43	0.926
BNP							0.78	0.57 to 1.06	0.115
Creatinine							1.68	0.69 to 4.05	0.251
PenKid							1.74	1.20 to 2.53	0.004

Values are OR with 95% CI. Multivariable results are reported for the pooled cohort adjusted for variables known from literature.

ACE-I, ACE inhibitors;ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker;BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide;HARVEST, HeArt and bRain failure inVESTigation trial; HF, heart failure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; penKid, proenkephalin A 119–159.