Table 3.
Heart Failure Patient Characteristics by Drug Use Disorder Status Stratified by Sex*
| Males | Cocaine (n = 8740) | Cannabis (n = 6115) | Opioids (n = 3625) | Amphetamine (n = 4150) | Psych (n = 125) | Other (n = 5765) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age range, y | ||||||||||||
| <45 | 4.9% | 6.2% | 1.7% | 4.4% | 0.1% | 3.8% | ||||||
| ≥45–<55 | 6.4% | 4.1% | 2.0% | 3.2% | 0.1% | 3.7% | ||||||
| ≥55–<65 | 3.3% | 1.8% | 1.4% | 1.1% | <0.05% | 1.7% | ||||||
| ≥65–≤75 | 0.6% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.2% | <0.05% | 0.5% | ||||||
| >75 | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.1% | None | <0.05% | 0.2% | ||||||
| Race | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. |
| White | 0.4% | 2.3% | 0.6% | 4.0% | 0.5% | 2.6% | 0.7% | 3.8% | <0.05% | 0.1% | 0.8% | 3.3% |
| Black | 6.3% | 5.8% | 3.1% | 5.8% | 1.3% | 1.1% | 0.5% | 0.9% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 2.3% | 2.9% |
| Hispanic | 1.8% | 3.9% | 1.3% | 4.9% | 1.1% | 3.0% | 2.0% | 7.4% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 1.4% | 3.1% |
| Asian/PI | 1.0% | 4.3% | 1.7% | 4.6% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 4.2% | 12.8% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 1.1% | 4.9% |
| Native American | 1.1% | 1.5% | 1.4% | 3.9% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 2.0% | 4.1% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 2.3% | 8.2% |
| Other | 1.8% | 3.9% | 1.3% | 2.1% | 1.3% | 2.8% | 0.7% | 2.3% | <0.05% | 0.5% | 1.2% | 2.4% |
| Region | ||||||||||||
| New England | 1.1% | 0.5% | 0.7% | <0.05% | None | 1.0% | ||||||
| Middle Atlantic | 1.7% | 0.8% | 1.0% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.8% | ||||||
| East North Central | 1.7% | 1.3% | 0.8% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.9% | ||||||
| West North Central | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.3% | 0.4% | <0.05% | 0.8% | ||||||
| South Atlantic | 2.0% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 0.1% | <0.05% | 1.1% | ||||||
| East South Central | 1.0% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.9% | ||||||
| West South Central | 1.7% | 0.9% | 0.3% | 0.5% | <0.05% | 1.1% | ||||||
| Mountain | 1.1% | 1.4% | 0.6% | 2.1% | <0.05% | 1.8% | ||||||
| Pacific | 2.4% | 2.3% | 1.4% | 4.8% | <0.05% | 2.2% | ||||||
| Payer | ||||||||||||
| Medicare | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.2% | <0.05% | 0.6% | ||||||
| Medicaid | 7.8% | 4.8% | 2.8% | 4.6% | <0.05% | 4.0% | ||||||
| Private insurance | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.5% | <0.05% | 0.9% | ||||||
| Self-pay | 5.2% | 4.2% | 1.1% | 2.8% | 0.1% | 3.1% | ||||||
| No charge | 7.5% | 4.1% | 1.9% | 0.3% | None | 4.1% | ||||||
| Other | 2.8% | 1.6% | 0.4% | 1.2% | None | 1.5% | ||||||
| Income quartile | ||||||||||||
| 0 to 25 | 2.9% | 1.9% | 1.1% | 0.8% | <0.05% | 1.6% | ||||||
| 26 to 50 | 1.2% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.8% | <0.05% | 1.0% | ||||||
| 51 to 75 | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.9% | <0.05% | 0.9% | ||||||
| 76 to 100 | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.8% | <0.05% | 0.7% | ||||||
| Females | Cocaine (n = 2960) | Cannabis (n = 1945) | Opioids (n = 2214) | Amphetamine (n = 1130) | Psych (n = 220) | Other (n = 3090) | ||||||
| Age range, y | ||||||||||||
| <45 | 3.4% | 3.5% | 1.7% | 2.4% | 0.1% | 3.1% | ||||||
| >=45 to <55 | 4.6% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 1.6% | 0.1% | 2.0% | ||||||
| >=55 to <65 | 1.4% | 0.9% | 1.1% | 0.3% | <0.05% | 1.3% | ||||||
| >=65 to <=75 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.3% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.6% | ||||||
| >75 | <0.05% | None | 0.2% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.2% | ||||||
| Race | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. | Crude | Adj. |
| White | 0.1% | 1.2% | 0.2% | 1.9% | 0.4% | 2.0% | 0.2% | 2.7% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 2.8% |
| Black | 2.4% | 4.5% | 1.3% | 3.8% | 0.7% | 1.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 1.0% | 1.9% |
| Hispanic | 0.3% | 1.2% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 1.4% | 0.4% | 2.4% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.7% | 2.0% |
| Asian/PI | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 3.6% | 0.2% | <0.05% | 0.7% | 4.0% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.2% | 0.9% |
| Native American | None | None | 0.2% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 2.6% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.7% | 4.2% |
| Other | 0.8% | 1.9% | 0.5% | 1.1% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.1% | 0.5% | <0.05% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 0.7% |
| Region | ||||||||||||
| New England | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.5% | None | <0.05% | 0.5% | ||||||
| Middle Atlantic | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.4% | None | <0.05% | 0.4% | ||||||
| East North Central | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.4% | <0.05% | <0.05% | 0.6% | ||||||
| West North Central | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.1% | <0.05% | 0.5% | ||||||
| South Atlantic | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.4% | <0.05% | 0.1% | 0.7% | ||||||
| East South Central | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.3% | <0.05% | 0.2% | 0.7% | ||||||
| West South Central | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.2% | <0.05% | 0.5% | ||||||
| Mountain | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 0.8% | <0.05% | 0.8% | ||||||
| Pacific | 0.9% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 1.5% | 0.1% | 1.0% | ||||||
| Payer | ||||||||||||
| Medicare | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.1% | <0.05% | <0.05% | ||||||
| Medicaid | 4.2% | 2.4% | 1.9% | 1.8% | <0.05% | 0.2% | ||||||
| Private insurance | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.1% | <0.05% | 0.1% | ||||||
| Self-pay | 3.3% | 2.6% | 0.8% | 1.6% | 0.1% | 0.3% | ||||||
| No charge | 3.1% | 1.0% | 0.5% | None | None | 0.7% | ||||||
| Other | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.3% | None | 0.3% | ||||||
| Income quartile | ||||||||||||
| 0 to 25 | 1.2% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.9% | ||||||
| 26 to 50 | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.2% | <0.05% | 0.6% | ||||||
| 51 to 75 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.3% | <0.05% | 0.5% | ||||||
| 76 to 100 | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.1% | <0.05% | 0.4% | ||||||
Abbreviations: Adj. = age-adjusted rate; Income quartile = median household income by zip code; n = weighted national hospitalizations; None = no observations; PI = Pacific Islander; Psych = psychotherapeutic.
*
Age-adjustment weighted to 2000 US standard population. Drug subcategories are not mutually exclusive. Hallucinogen data not included above due to small numbers (n = 20).