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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: Acta Biomater. 2019 Mar 9;93:239–257. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.010

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Whole joint retention profiles across different nanomaterials (above) with a variety of structures, compositions, sizes, and shapes (below). In all cases, retention is presented as fluorescence intensity normalized the signal intensity immediately after injection. (A-C) Studies that include a soluble fluorophore show that joint retention is prolonged by nanomaterials within two weeks. (D) Incorporating a collagen type II binding peptide for cartilage targeting also slowed whole joint release. (A) PEG-based nano-tube [74]1, (B) tri-block polymeric nanoparticle [75]2, (C) self-assembling polymeric nanoparticle [76]3, (D) DOTAM carrier molecule [77]4. Figures reprinted with permission (see footnotes). DOTAM = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid amide; IL-1Ra = Interluekin-1 receptor antagonist; PEG-SWCNT-750 = polyethylene glycol single-walled carbon nanotubes (with a 750nm emitting fluorochrome); NP500 or NP900 = Nanoparticle of 500nm or 900nm.