Table 3.
Summary of key research, including delivery vehicle, therapeutic, and reference number.
| Group | Delivery vehicle | Therapeutic | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Buchholz et al. | PMMA bone cement | Gentamicin | [33] |
| Klemm et al. | PMMA bone cement | Gentamicin | [34] |
| Luo et al. | PMMA+Ca3(PO4)2 cement | Vancomycin | [36] |
| Fang et al. | PCL+β-TCP composites | Vancomycin | [37] |
| Cometa et al. | PEG hydrogels on Ti implant | Vancomycin and ceftriaxone | [38] |
| Romanò et al. | Hydrogel + bone cement | Gentamicin, vancomycin, and cefazolin | [39] |
| Li et al. | PEG hydrogel on Ti implant | Vancomycin | [40] |
| Perni et al. | Bone cement + nanoparticles | Propylparaben | [41] |
| Shi et al. | Bone cement + nanoparticles | Chitosan, ammonium chitosan derivative, gentamicin | [42] |
| Susheel et al. | Collagen sponge | Gentamicin | [44] |
| Han et al. | Collagen sponge | Gentamicin | [45] |
| Ipsen et al. | Collagen sponge | Gentamicin | [46] |
| Schlapp et al. | Collagen sponge + PLGA particles | Gentamicin | [48] |
| Qadri et al. | Ag-Cu-B nanoparticles | Ag-Cu-B nanoparticles | [52] |
| Ferreira et al. | Liposomes | Ceftizoxime | [53] |
| Giavaresi et al. | Hydrogel | Vancomycin | [55] |
| Yeo et al. | Hydrogel | PEI star copolymer | [56] |
| Johnson et al. | PEG-4MAL hydrogel | Lysostaphin | [57] |
| Wachol-Drewek et al. | Collagen sponge | Gentamicin, cefotaxim, fusidic acid, clindamycin, vancomysin | [60] |
| Ascherl et al. | Collagen sponge | Gentamicin | [61] |
| Wernet et al. | Collagen sponge | Gentamicin | [62] |
| Aviv et al. | PLLA, PDLGA | Gentamicin | [63] |
| Price et al. | PLGA | Gentamicin | [64] |
| Neut et al. | PTMC | Gentamicin | [65] |
| Kluin et al. | PTMC | Gentamicin, vancomycin | [66] |
| Melicherčík et al. | Ca3(PO4)2 cement | HAL-1, HAL-2, HAL-2 analogues | [70] |
| Varoga et al. | Expressed in osteoblasts | HBD-2, MBD-3 | [72] |
| Varoga et al. | Expressed in healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage | HBD-2 | [73] |
| Varoga et al. | Expressed in chondrocytes | HBD-2 | [74] |
| Hilpert et al. | Cellulose support | Indolicidin variants | [75] |
| Nelson et al. | Oral and nasal introduction | C1 phage lysin | [80] |
| Schuch et al. | IP injection | PlyG lysin | [81] |
| Loeffler et al. | In vitro introduction | Pal, Cpl-1 lysin | [82] |
| Loeffler et al. | Intravenous | Cpl-1 lysin | [83] |
| Fernandes et al. | In vitro introduction | Lys168-Lys170 hybrid | [84] |
| Becker et al. | Direct introduction to femur injury | Lysk-Lysostaphin | [85] |