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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2019 Jun 5;203(2):500–510. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900262

Figure 8. FM-derived TNF-α activates neutrophil MAP kinase signaling and subsequent neutrophil activation and NET release.

Figure 8

Neutrophils were exposed to no treatment (NT); unstimulated FM-CM (FM); or LPS-stimulated FM-CM (FM+LPS) in the presence of either media, an isotype control IgG (IgG), or a neutralizing anti-TNF-α mAb (Anti-TNFα). (A) Proteins were analysed by Western blot for phosphorylated (P) and total (T): p38 MAPK; ERK; and JNK (n=5). (i) Blots are representative of 5 experiments. (ii-iv) Barcharts show levels of expression as determined by densitometry. Supernatants were analysed for (B) IL-8 secretion (n=8); (C) MPO degranulation (n=8); and (D) NET-associated extracellular DNA relative to the NT (n=8). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 compared to NT (under media, control IgG, or anti-TNFα conditions) unless otherwise indicated. #p<0.05 compared to FM (under media, control IgG, or anti-TNFα conditions).