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. 2019 Jul 3;9:577. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00577

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Copyright © 2019 dos Reis, Damasceno, de Campos, Veloso, Pêgas, Kraemer, Rodrigues, Mattos, Gomes, Campos, Ferreira, Russo and Cassali.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Pulmonary inflammation related to 4T1 mammary carcinoma metastasis progression in mice. Inflammation was evaluated in BAL and differential leukocyte counts and ELISA assays in the lungs samples. Levels of CXCL1, CCL2, VEGF, and TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA assay on the 14th, 21st, and 28th days post tumor transplant (A). BAL counts shows a progressive leukocyte infiltration following metastatic development of the 4T1 tumor, with a predominance of macrophages in BAL in late time-points, when compared to Control group (B). One-way ANOVA test followed by Student-Newman-Keuls test was used to evaluate differences among groups. Results are representative of two experiments and are shown as the mean ± SEM of seven to eight animals in each group. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, and ^***P < 0.001, respectively.