Compromised bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in Gli1-derived progeny leads to diminished Gli1+ mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). (A–C′) β-Gal (red) and pSmad1/5/9 (green) double immunostaining of sagittal sections of incisors from Gli1-LacZ (A), Gli1-CreERT2;Gli1-LacZ (B), and Gli1-CreERT2;Bmpr1αfl/fl;Gli1-LacZ (C) mice 1 wk posttamoxifen induction (1wpt) at 1 mo of age. Boxes in A, B, and C are shown magnified in A′, B′, and C′, respectively. Arrows indicate Gli1+ cells in the proximal region of the incisor. Dotted lines in A, B, and C indicate the cervical loop’s outline. Schematic diagram at the bottom indicates induction protocol. Scale bars, 100 µm.