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. 2019 Jul 10;39(28):5534–5550. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1451-18.2019

Table 9.

Longitudinal analyses: coefficient estimates for time, age, and age × time effects on proportion of node types in elderlya

Measure Predictor Coefficient SE t Uncorr p FDR-adj p Validation resultsb
Proportion of connector hubs
    Visual Time 0.219 0.577 0.38 0.704 0.835
Age −0.170 0.253 −0.67 0.500 0.666
Age × time 0.135 0.107 1.26 0.206 0.847
    DorsAttn Time 0.640 0.758 0.84 0.398 0.607
Age 0.034 0.323 0.11 0.916 0.916
Age × time −0.140 0.140 −1.00 0.319 0.847
    SomMot/SalVentAttn A Time 0.400 0.709 0.56 0.572 0.796
Age 0.130 0.315 0.41 0.681 0.778
Age × time −0.095 0.132 −0.72 0.471 0.877
    SalVentAttn Time 0.856 0.440 1.94 0.052 0.151
Age 0.484 0.199 2.43 0.015 0.063
Age × time −0.092 0.082 −1.12 0.263 0.847
    Limbic Time 1.058 0.874 1.21 0.226 0.426
Age 0.379 0.378 1.00 0.317 0.507
Age × time −0.197 0.160 −1.23 0.218 0.847
    Control Time* 2.044 0.619 3.30 9.63e−4 7.70e−3 1,2,4
Age 0.508 0.313 1.62 0.105 0.225
Age × time 0.110 0.116 0.95 0.344 0.847
    Control C/Default C Time 0.264 0.851 0.31 0.757 0.835
Age −0.205 0.333 −0.61 0.539 0.678
Age × time 0.159 0.155 1.03 0.305 0.847
    Default Time* 1.880 0.650 2.89 3.85e−3 0.021 1,2,3,4
Age 0.676 0.290 2.34 0.020 0.063
Age × time 0.126 0.123 1.02 0.306 0.847
Proportion of satellite connectors
    Visual Time 0.075 0.453 0.17 0.869 0.894
Age −0.020 0.182 −0.11 0.914 0.916
Age × time −0.031 0.085 −0.36 0.716 0.933
    DorsAttn Time 0.677 0.528 1.28 0.200 0.426
Age 0.084 0.202 0.41 0.679 0.778
Age × time 0.041 0.099 0.41 0.682 0.933
    SomMot/SalVentAttn A Time* 1.238 0.501 2.47 0.013 0.048 1,4
Age 0.511 0.196 2.61 9.05e−3 0.058
Age × time −0.063 0.093 −0.68 0.494 0.877
    SalVentAttn Time* 1.533 0.513 2.99 2.82e−3 0.018 1,2,4
Age 0.566 0.239 2.37 0.018 0.063
Age × time −0.079 0.096 −0.83 0.409 0.872
    Limbic Time 0.586 0.830 0.71 0.480 0.698
Age 0.560 0.346 1.62 0.105 0.225
Age × time −0.068 0.153 −0.45 0.655 0.933
    Control Time 0.059 0.446 0.13 0.894 0.894
Age 0.565 0.213 2.66 7.86e−3 0.058
Age × time −0.086 0.083 −1.04 0.300 0.847
    Control C/Default C Time 0.277 0.767 0.36 0.718 0.835
Age 0.312 0.340 0.92 0.359 0.522
Age × time −0.032 0.140 −0.23 0.817 0.934
    Default Time* 1.324 0.479 2.76 5.70e−3 0.026 1,2,3,4
Age 0.512 0.215 2.38 0.017 0.063
Age × time 0.028 0.089 0.32 0.751 0.933
Proportion of provincial hubs
    Visual Time −0.321 0.645 −0.50 0.618 0.824
Age 0.070 0.273 0.26 0.796 0.850
Age × time −6.91e−3 0.120 −0.06 0.954 0.967
    DorsAttn Time −0.631 0.725 −0.87 0.384 0.607
Age 0.111 0.325 0.34 0.734 0.810
Age × time 0.042 0.134 0.32 0.751 0.933
    SomMot/SalVentAttn A Time −1.120 0.740 −1.51 0.130 0.347
Age −0.336 0.300 −1.12 0.262 0.465
Age × time 0.116 0.139 0.84 0.403 0.872
    SalVentAttn Time −0.751 0.368 −2.04 0.041 0.132
Age −0.476 0.168 −2.82 4.77e−3 0.058
Age × time 7.35e−3 0.068 0.11 0.914 0.967
    Limbic Time −0.883 0.819 −1.08 0.281 0.500
Age −0.345 0.370 −0.93 0.351 0.522
Age × time 0.079 0.150 0.53 0.596 0.933
    Control Time* −1.854 0.558 −3.32 8.98e−4 7.70e−3 1,2,4
Age −0.893 0.319 −2.80 5.15e−3 0.058
Age × time 4.32e−3 0.105 0.04 0.967 0.967
    Control C/Default C Time −0.143 0.698 −0.20 0.838 0.894
Age 0.202 0.286 0.71 0.479 0.666
Age × time −0.164 0.128 −1.28 0.200 0.847
    Default Time* −1.665 0.652 −2.55 0.011 0.043 1,2,4
Age −0.723 0.298 −2.43 0.015 0.063
Age × time −0.132 0.123 −1.07 0.284 0.847
Proportion of peripheral nodes
    Visual Time 0.132 0.414 0.32 0.750 0.835
Age 0.102 0.171 0.60 0.551 0.678
Age × time −0.072 0.076 −0.95 0.341 0.847
    DorsAttn Time −0.665 0.483 −1.38 0.168 0.385
Age −0.225 0.187 −1.20 0.230 0.434
Age × time 0.069 0.090 0.76 0.447 0.877
    SomMot/SalVentAttn A Time −0.587 0.403 −1.46 0.145 0.356
Age −0.277 0.151 −1.83 0.067 0.164
Age × time 0.020 0.075 0.27 0.787 0.933
    SalVentAttn Time* −1.698 0.443 −3.83 1.28e−4 0.004 1,2,4
Age −0.576 0.215 −2.68 7.27e−3 0.058
Age × time 0.151 0.083 1.83 0.068 0.847
    Limbic Time −0.834 0.683 −1.22 0.222 0.426
Age −0.588 0.320 −1.84 0.066 0.164
Age × time 0.166 0.125 1.33 0.183 0.847
    Control Time −0.175 0.392 −0.45 0.655 0.835
Age −0.181 0.181 −1.00 0.317 0.507
Age × time −0.021 0.073 −0.29 0.775 0.933
    Control C/Default C Time −0.487 0.550 −0.89 0.376 0.607
Age −0.328 0.253 −1.30 0.194 0.387
Age × time 0.053 0.100 0.52 0.600 0.933
    Default Time* −1.483 0.444 −3.34 8.39e−4 0.008 1,2,4
Age −0.479 0.209 −2.29 0.022 0.065
Age × time −7.88e−3 0.082 −0.10 0.924 0.967

aUncorr, Uncorrected; FDR-adj, false discovery rate-adjusted; DorsAttn, dorsal attention; SomMot, somatomotor; SalVentAttn, salience/ventral attention.

bValidation results: 1, effect remains significant (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05) after controlling for mean relative motion and number of volumes; 2, effect remains significant (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05) after repeating the analyses in a subset of participants (n = 68) with at least 150 volumes of good-quality imaging data (i.e., ≥5 min in length) remaining after scrubbing; 3, effect remains significant (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05) after maintaining equal scan lengths (123 volumes) across all participants; 4, effect remains significant (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05) after controlling for mean functional connectivity strength across all edges.

*Statistically significant effects (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05).