. 2019 Jun 17;8(6):178. doi: 10.3390/antiox8060178

Table 9.

Effect of Ochratoxin A treatment on the relative expression of GSS and GSR genes in the liver and kidney of broiler chickens (mean ± SD; n = 6 in a pool, equal amounts of cDNA per individual).

Glutathione Synthetase (GSS)
	Day 0	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Liver
Control	1.00 ± 0.03	0.73 ± 0.09	1.25 ± 0.17 ^b	0.93 ± 0.13
O1		0.71 ± 0.09	0.83 ± 0.09 ^a	0.76 ± 0.31
O2		0.74 ± 0.10	1.06 ± 0.19 ^ab	0.78 ± 0.20
O3		0.70 ± 0.12	1.19 ± 0.25 ^b	0.57 ± 0.10
Kidney
Control	1.00 ± 0.08	0.96 ± 0.14 ^ab	1.11 ± 0.07 ^b	0.84 ± 0.17
O1		1.08 ± 0.17 ^b	0.83 ± 0.09 ^a	0.79 ± 0.14
O2		0.81 ± 0.15 ^a	1.01 ± 0.10 ^b	0.82 ± 0.08
O3		0.82 ± 0.16 ^a	0.98 ± 0.13 ^ab	0.80 ± 0.07
Glutathione Reductase (GSR)
	Day 0	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Liver
Control	1.00 ± 0.10	0.48 ± 0.04	0.60 ± 0.06 ^b	0.47 ± 0.05
O1		0.51 ± 0.09	0.34 ± 0.06 ^a	0.52 ± 0.06
O2		0.54 ± 0.04	0.60 ± 0.09 ^b	0.48 ± 0.03
O3		0.50 ± 0.08	0.54 ± 0.05 ^b	0.47 ± 0.08
Kidney
Control	1.00 ± 0.04	0.99 ± 0.10	0.95 ± 0.13 ^b	1.10 ± 0.16
O1		1.06 ± 0.21	0.75 ± 0.12 ^a	1.04 ± 0.16
O2		0.94 ± 0.12	0.93 ± 0.04 ^b	0.99 ± 0.16
O3		1.11 ± 0.19	0.91 ± 0.09 ^b	1.04 ± 0.20

^a,b Different superscripts in the same column mean significant difference at p < 0.05 level. O1: 106 μg OTA/kg feed, O2: 654 μg OTA/kg feed, O3: 1126 μg OTA/kg feed.