Table 5.

The comparison between ginger and shell ginger.

Items	Ginger	Shell Ginger	Ref.
Scientific name	Zingiber officinale Roscoe	Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.	[115,117]
Family and genus	Zingiberaceae family and Zingiber genus	Zingiberaceae family and Alpinia genus	[115,117]
Edible parts	Rhizomes	Leaves and rhizomes	[8,115]
Bioactive compounds	Gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and essential oils	Dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain, 5,6-dehydrokawain, essential oils, and flavonoids	[2,44,115]
Biological activities	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, antiobesity, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, respiratory protective, antinausea, and antiemetic activities	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, antiobesity, antidiabetic activities, longevity	[3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,115]