Table 6.

Estimated AUC value for multi-marker panels of metabolites in six-metabolite combination for correlation with diabetic microangiopathy.

Panels of metabolites in Six-Metabolite Combination a	Diabetes	Diabetic Retinopathy	Diabetic Nephropathy	Diabetic Neuropathy
Comparison	T2DM vs. Control	T2DM Patients with vs. without Microangiopathy
Panels selected from CSF metabolites with the highest AUC	AUC for CSF
Alanine, Leucine, Tyrosine, Pyruvate, Valine	0.889	0.836	0.786	0.665
Histidine, Leucine, Pyruvate, Tyrosine, Valine	0.934	0.789	0.808	0.604
Leucine, Pyruvate, Valine	0.837	0.663	0.567	0.672
Six-metabolite combination a	0.951	0.858 #	0.811 #	0.691 #
Panels selected from plasma metabolites with the highest AUC	AUC for plasma
Alanine, Histidine, Leucine, Valine	0.863	0.814	0.726	0.753
Histidine, Leucine, Tyrosine, Valine	0.869	0.786	0.837	0.756
Leucine, Pyruvate, Tyrosine, Valine	0.806	0.731	0.825	0.816
Six-metabolite combination a	0.879	0.836 #	0.865 #	0.822 #
Panels selected from CSF metabolites with the most distinct AUC	AUC for CSF
Alanine, Valine	0.819	0.783	0.623	0.589
Histidine, Pyruvate, Tyrosine	0.867	0.717	0.805	0.585
Leucine, Pyruvate, Valine	0.837	0.663	0.567	0.672
Panels selected from plasma metabolites with the most distinct AUC	AUC for plasma
Alanine, Leucine, Valine	0.821	0.765	0.653	0.746
Alanine, Tyrosine, Valine	0.781	0.625	0.852	0.586
Alanine, Histidine, Leucine, Pyruvate	0.859	0.573	0.597	0.811

Abbreviation: T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; AUC, area under the curve estimations ^# The metabolite combinations with the highest AUC among the specified comparison category ^a Six-metabolite combination is identified by metabolites with significant change in CSF samples and present in plasma. The identified six-metabolite combination is alanine, histidine, leucine, pyruvate, tyrosine, and valine.