Table 1.

Established and potential biomarkers for celiac disease

Types of Biomarkers	Name of the Biomarker
Serological biomarker	Anti-gliadin antibody (AGA)
	Anti-endomysial antibody (AEA)
	Anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG)- TG2, TG6, TG3
	Deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP)
	Synthetic neo-epitopes tTG-DGP complex
Genetic marker	HLA-DQ haplotyping
Biomarkers for the prediction of enteropathy	Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
	Plasma citrulline
	Intestinal-fatty acid binding proteins
	Regenerating gene1α (Reg 1α)
Biomarkers to predict dietary adherence	Gluten immunogenic peptide (GIP)
	Mean platelet volume (MPV)
Miscellaneous Biomarkers	miRNA Intestinal permeability