Table 2.

Panel assessment of facial aesthetics.

Facial Aesthetic Scales	Pre−OGS Assessment	Post−OGS Assessment	p **
Beautiful m ± s.d. (95% CI)
Lay observer	2.17 ± 0.89 (2.12−2.22)	3.95 ± 1.40 (3.88−4.02)	<0.001
Orthodontic	2.22 ± 0.90 (2.11−2.33)	4.14 ± 1.48 (3.99−4.29)	<0.001
Surgeon	2.36 ± 0.97 (2.24−2.48)	4.52 ± 1.50 (4.39−4.65)	<0.001
p *	>0.05	>0.05	–
Attractive m ± s.d. (95% CI)
Lay observer	2.33 ± 0.98 (2.27−2.39)	4.13 ± 1.46 (4.05−4.21)	<0.001
Orthodontic	2.40 ± 1.09 (2.27−2.53)	4.49 ± 1.40 (4.35−4.63)	<0.001
Surgeon	2.54 ± 1.21 (2.40−2.68)	4.70 ± 1.55 (4.54−4.86)	<0.001
p *	>0.05	>0.05	–
Pleasant m ± s.d. (95% CI)
Lay observer	2.68 ± 0.74 (2.63−2.73)	4.42 ± 2.77 (4.32−4.52)	<0.001
Orthodontic	2.47 ± 0.90 (2.37−2.57)	4.05 ± 1.41 (3.91−4.19)	<0.001
Surgeon	2.31 ± 0.87 (2.20−2.42)	4.22 ± 1.49 (4.09−4.35)	<0.001
p *	>0.05	>0.05	–

Bold values indicate statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. OGS, orthognathic surgery; m, mean; s.d., standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; p, p−value; –, not applicable; *, comparisons among the groups of raters; **, pre−OGS versus post−OGS scores comparisons.