Table 2.
HRs of developing CVD according to age, sex, comorbidity, usage, and cumulative dose of HCQ in the patients with SLE.
| CVD Event | Observed Person–Years | Incidence (/1000 Person–Years) | HR | 95% CI | Adjusted HR † | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||||||
| <30 | 7 | 1623 | 4.3 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30–45 | 18 | 2146 | 8.4 | 1.95 | 0.81–4.66 | 1.85 | 0.77–4.44 |
| ≥45 | 56 | 1726 | 32.4 | 7.53 | 3.43–16.53 | 6.29 | 2.83–14.02 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 70 | 5023 | 13.9 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Male | 11 | 472 | 23.3 | 1.68 | 0.89–3.18 | 1.24 | 0.65–2.38 |
| Hypertension | 16 | 279 | 57.3 | 4.55 | 2.62–7.88 | 3.08 | 1.65–5.74 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 4 | 132 | 30.4 | 2.11 | 0.77–5.75 | 0.68 | 0.23–2.01 |
| Chronic liver disease | 8 | 280 | 28.6 | 2.03 | 0.98–4.21 | 1.48 | 0.68–3.19 |
| COPD | 4 | 163 | 24.5 | 1.72 | 0.63–4.69 | 0.68 | 0.23–2.02 |
| Diabetes | 3 | 125 | 24.1 | 1.65 | 0.52–5.22 | 0.67 | 0.20–2.26 |
| Usage of HCQ (days) | |||||||
| Low (<105) | 34 | 1745 | 19.5 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Median (105–318) | 31 | 1787 | 17.3 | 0.90 | 0.55–1.47 | 0.76 | 0.46–1.25 |
| High (≥318) | 16 | 1962 | 8.2 | 0.42 | 0.23–0.76 | 0.38 | 0.21–0.70 |
| Cumulative HCQ dose (mg) | |||||||
| Low (<308,00) | 33 | 1750 | 18.9 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Median (308,00–100,267) | 30 | 1754 | 17.1 | 0.92 | 0.56–1.51 | 0.92 | 0.56–1.52 |
| High (≥100,267) | 18 | 1991 | 9.0 | 0.48 | 0.27–0.86 | 0.42 | 0.23–0.77 |
HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; † Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, chronic liver disease, COPD, and diabetes.