Figure 2.
Treatment of mouse macrophage cell line, Raw 264.7, with apple pomace extracts, followed by incubation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli as in vitro model of inflammation. (a) Cell viability (% of the control) of Raw 264.7 cells after incubation with polyphenolic-rich hot water extract (pHWE) at 0–1490 μg/mL in phosphate buffer/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (99.9:0.01; v/v). (b) Inhibitory effect of pHWE on LPS-induced nitrite production (% of the control) in Raw 264.7 cells. Data represent mean ± standard deviation of 3 independent assays. Different letters indicate statistical significance between pHWE concentrations (a,b,c, and d, p < 0.001) compared to control by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Multiple comparison test.
