| CAP | community-acquired pneumonia |
| 95%CIs | 95% confidence intervals |
| DF | degrees of freedom |
| HAP | hospital-acquired pneumonia |
| HRs | hazard ratios |
| ICU | Intensive care units |
| ICU-AP | ICU-acquired pneumonia |
| IQR | interquartile range |
| SOFA | sequential organ failure assessment |
| VAP | ventilator-associated pneumonia |