Table 4.
Factors associated with renal non-recovery in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
| Variable | Univariable analysisa | Multivariable analysisb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p value | OR | 95% CI | p value | |
| Severity of acute kidney injury | ||||||
| Stage I | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Stage II | 5.00 | 2.24 to 11.98 | < 0.001 | 5.71 | 2.17 to 14.98 | < 0.001 |
| Stage III | 40.38 | 17.31 to 103.73 | < 0.001 | 45.85 | 16.27 to 129.2 | < 0.001 |
| Acute kidney injury onset, dayc | 1.08 | 1.02 to 1.16 | 0.01 | 1.12 | 1.03 to 1.21 | 0.01 |
| SOFA scorec | 1.20 | 1.11 to 1.31 | < 0.001 | – | – | – |
| History of heart failure | 0.33 | 0.13 to 0.82 | 0.02 | – | – | – |
| History of active malignancies | 3.26 | 1.67 to 6.79 | < 0.001 | 4.02 | 1.59 to 10.15 | 0.003 |
| Septic shock | 3.61 | 2.12 to 6.24 | < 0.001 | 3.20 | 1.52 to 6.76 | 0.002 |
| Mean tidal volume on day 1–3, mL/kg PBWc | 1.31 | 1.08 to 1.61 | 0.01 | 1.41 | 1.05 to 1.90 | 0.02 |
| Mean PEEP on day 1–3, cm H2Oc | 1.06 | 0.99 to 1.14 | 0.09 | – | – | – |
| Continuous neuromuscular blocking agents | 2.42 | 1.41 to 4.24 | 0.002 | – | – | – |
| Inhaled vasodilators | 1.95 | 1.07 to 3.7 | 0.03 | – | – | – |
| Recruitment maneuvers | 4.02 | 1.31 to 17.58 | 0.03 | – | – | – |
| Antipsychotic drugs | 0.61 | 0.36 to 1.02 | 0.06 | – | – | – |
| Furosemide on day 2–7 | 0.48 | 0.28 to 0.82 | 0.01 | – | – | – |
| Fluid overload on day 7, %c | 1.07 | 1.02 to 1.12 | 0.005 | – | – | – |
CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, PBW = predicted body weight, Ref = reference
Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% CI) of multivariable analysis = 0.90 (95% CI 0.85–0.94)
aanalysis from non-imputed data
bPool analysis after multivariable logistic regression of 50 imputed data set
cper 1 point increase