Table 3.

Synthesis of nanoceria by green/bio-directed synthesis

S. no	Precursors	Medium	Method	References
1.	Cerium(III) acetate hydrate and egg white	Water	Bio-directed synthesis	[56]
2.	Cerium chloride heptahydrate and Acalypha indica leaf extract	Water	Green approach	[59]
3.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate, gum tragacanth from Astragalus versus and ammonia solution	Water	Gum mediated synthesis	[65]
4.	Cerium chloride heptahydrate and Curvularia lunata culture filtrate	Water	Mycosynthesis	[63]
5.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate and aloe vera leaf extract	Water	Green method	[60]
6.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate, starch, and ammonium hydroxide solution	Water	Green synthesis	[66]
7.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate and honey	Water	Green synthesis	[67]
8.	Gloriosa superba leaf extract and cerium chloride salt	Water	Green synthesis	[58]
9.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate and fresh egg white	Water	Bio-directed synthesis	[57]
10.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate and Hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract	Water	Green synthesis	[62]
11.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate and agarose	Water	Bio-organic polymer-based synthesis	[64]
12.	Cerium nitrate hexahydrate and Olea europaea leaf extract	Water	Green synthesis	[61]
13.	Cerium nitrate solution, pectin and ammonia solution	Water	Bio polymer mediated synthesis	[68]