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. 2019 Mar 20;12(4):350–360. doi: 10.1111/cts.12616

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The effects of 13‐cis‐retinoic acid (13cis RA), all‐trans‐retinoic acid (at RA), and 4‐oxo‐13cis RA on CYP3A4 mRNA and activity. Data for CYP3A4 mRNA (white bars) and activity (hashed bars) in donor 1 (a,b,c), donor 2 (d,e,f), and one replicate experiment in donor 3 (g,h,i) hepatocytes are presented as mean and range of the measured effect (n = 3 replicates per donor). The data from other two replicate experiments in donor 3 are shown in Figure S3 . The control rifampicin (25 μM) increased CYP3A4 mRNA by an average 38‐fold, 17‐fold, and 176‐fold and CYP3A4 activity by an average 3.0‐fold, 2.8‐fold, and 16‐fold in donors 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The concentrations listed on the x‐axis are the nominal concentrations added to the hepatocytes. The red boxes indicate the nominal concentrations that mimic clinically relevant circulating unbound concentrations.