Table 1.
Clinical characteristics according to type of stroke during follow-up
| Baseline data | No stroke | Any stroke | Ischemic stroke | Hemorrhagic stroke |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 3903 | 202 | 145 | 57 |
| Men (%) | 51 | 63* | 63* | 61 |
| Age (years) | 36.9 ± 11.8 | 45.8 ± 9.5* | 46.6 ± 9.5* | 44.4 ± 9.1* |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 20.0 (11.7–29.3) | 31.0 (24.4–36.8)* | 32.0 (25.4–37.0)* | 28.6 (25.0–34.9)* |
| Age at stroke (years) | – | 52.2 ± 9.8 | 53.1 ± 10.0 | 49.9 ± 8.9 |
| Blood pressure measurements | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 133 ± 18 | 150 ± 23* | 150 ± 23* | 149 ± 23* |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79 ± 10 | 83 ± 11* | 83 ± 11* | 83 ± 12* |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 54 ± 16 | 67 ± 19* | 68 ± 20* | 66 ± 18* |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 97 ± 11 | 105 ± 13 | 105 ± 13* | 105 ± 14* |
| Hypertensive (%) | 32 | 66* | 68* | 60* |
| 24-h urinary sodium excretion (mmol/l) | 140 (101–185) | 145 (98–192) | 149 (98–202) | 138 (96–161) |
| 24-h urinary potassium excretion (mmol/l) | 83 (62–105) | 79 (59–104) | 79 (56–104) | 82 (61–103) |
| Sodium/potassium ratio | 1.74 (1.32–2.30) | 1.76 (1.45–2.33) | 1.81 (1.47–2.35) | 1.67 (1.39–1.78) |
| Medication | ||||
| Antihypertensive medication (%) | 36 | 78* | 78* | 77* |
| ACE inhibitor (%) | 24 | 45* | 48* | 38* |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker (%) | 5 | 12* | 12* | 11 |
| Calcium channel blocker (%) | 11 | 33* | 35* | 27* |
| β-Blocker (%) | 12 | 38* | 38* | 38* |
| Diuretic (%) | 11 | 36* | 36* | 38* |
| Other (%) | 1 | 2* | 1 | 4* |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median with interquartile range, or number of cases (%)
ACE inhibitor angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor
*P < 0.05 compared to no stroke