Table 3.
Impact of the Participation Enabling CAre in Nursing (PECAN) intervention on participation, activity, health status, and instrumental activities of daily living
| Intervention group (n = 57) | Control group (n = 52) | Group differencea | LMMb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Mean (SD) |
6 months Mean (SD) |
Difference Mean t2-t0 (SD) |
Baseline Mean (SD) |
6 months Mean (SD) |
Difference Mean t2-t0 (SD) |
Mean (95% CI) |
Coefficient (95% CI) |
|
| Participation scale | 46.2 (26.3) | 43.0 (35.6) | − 2.9 (23.5) | 43.9 (16.8) | 41.3 (24.7) | − 2.4 (21.8) | 0.5 (− 8.4; 9.3) | − 2.5 (− 5.5, 0.6) |
| Activity scale | 56.5 (20.1) | 54.4 (24.6) | − 2.439 (12.5) | 57.5 (14.7) | 51.8 (20.8) | − 5.7 (11.4) | − 3.2 (− 7.8; 1.4) | − 2.4 (− 9.8, 5.0) |
| VAS EQ-5D-3 L | 52.9 (18.4) | 51.8 (18.1) | − 2.1 (20.4) | 53.9 (22.4) | 54.8 (28.2) | 0.7 (25.9) | 2.8 (− 6.3; 11.9) | – |
| Lawton IADL Scale | 1.5 (1.6) | 2.6 (2.5) | 0.6 (1.5) | 1.2 (1.8) | 2.2 (2.4) | 0.7 (1.5) | 0.1 (− 0.6; 0.7) | – |
n = 109; t0 = baseline, t2 = 6-month follow-up
Missing values: Participation scale t2 (n = 5); Activity scale t2 (n = 3); Visual Analogue Scale of the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level Version
(VAS EQ-5D-3 L) t0 (n = 1), t2 (n = 4); and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale t0 (n = 18), t2 (n = 1)
Ranges: Participation scale and Activity scale 0 (no problems) to 100 (complete problems); Lawton IADL Scale 0 (low function) to 8 (high function); VAS EQ-5D-3 L 0 (worst imaginable health status) to 100 (best imaginable health status)
aDifference between mean-intervention (t2-t0) versus mean-control (t2-t0)
bLinear mixed model (LMM) with a mixed-effect term for varying intercepts by clusters, and for residents that are nested within clusters, adjusted for age and gender