Table 4.
Impact of hypertension and progression to diabetes from IGT on the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction and CVD events over 23 years
| Stroke | Myocardial infarction | CVD events (stroke and myocardial infarction) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P | |||
| Age (y) | 1.05 | 1.03 | 1.07 | <0.0001 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.12 | 0.0002 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.08 | <0.0001 |
| Sex (male = 1) | 1.33 | 0.92 | 1.90 | 0.13 | 1.17 | 0.57 | 2.38 | 0.67 | 1.35 | 0.98 | 1.86 | 0.07 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.05 | 0.85 | 1.08 | 0.99 | 1.18 | 0.08 | 1.02 | 0.99 | 1.06 | 0.23 |
| Smoker (yes = 1) | 1.27 | 0.91 | 1.79 | 0.17 | 0.57 | 0.27 | 1.20 | 0.14 | 1.08 | 0.80 | 1.47 | 0.62 |
| Cholesterol† (mmol/L) | 1.31 | 0.62 | 2.80 | 0.48 | 0.28 | 0.06 | 1.10 | 0.07 | 0.93 | 0.47 | 1.83 | 0.84 |
| Intervention (yes = 1) | 1.00 | 0.71 | 1.40 | 0.98 | 0.76 | 0.39 | 1.49 | 0.43 | 0.98 | 0.72 | 1.32 | 0.87 |
| SBP (10 mm Hg) | 1.08 | 1.01 | 1.14 | 0.02 | 1.002 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 0.78 | 1.07 | 1.01 | 1.12 | 0.02 |
| Diabetes status (yes = 1)‡ | 1.91 | 1.29 | 2.81 | 0.001 | 1.82 | 0.77 | 4.34 | 0.17 | 1.97 | 1.38 | 2.80 | 0.0002 |
†
Log‐transformed.
‡
Diabetes status as time‐dependent variable.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; SBP, systolic blood pressure.