Figure 5.

CTRP9 has a similar function to that of IL‐4 and promotes an anti‐inflammatory macrophage phenotype. (a–d) mRNA levels of specific M1 and M2 markers under treatment with gCTRP9 (3 μg/ml), IL‐4(20 ng/ml), or both by RT‐PCR. (e–g) The supernatant protein levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐10 were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, the connection represents a comparison between two groups. Arg1: arginase1; CTRP9: C1q/TNF‐related protein‐9; ELISA: enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; IL: interleukin; mRNA: messenger RNA; RT‐PCR: reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction; SEM: standard error of the mean