Table 3.
Predictive Value of (Combinations of) Clinical and Neurophysiologic Measures
| Measure | Available for Analysis, n | Predicted Outcome | Specificity (95% CI) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EEG reactivity absent | 149 | Poor | 82% (72–90) | 73% (61–83) | 79% (67–88) | 77% (67–86) |
| EEG cat. A pattern at 24 h | 141 | Poor | 97% (91–100) | 46% (33–58) | 94% (79–99) | 67% (57–76) |
| Brainstem reflexes absent | 149 | Poor | 100% (95–100) | 27% (17–39) | 100% (82–100) | 61% (52–69) |
| SSEP N20 absent | 38 | Poor | 100% (29–100) | 31% (17–49) | 100% (72–100) | 11% (2–29) |
| Baseline: EEG cat. A pattern at 24 h OR brainstem reflexes absent OR SSEP N20 absent | 149 | Poor | 98% (91–100) | 54% (42–66) | 95% (83–99) | 71% (61–79) |
| Baseline AND EEG reactivity absent | 149 | Poor | 99% (93–100) | 51% (39–64) | 97% (86–100) | 70% (60–78) |
| EEG reactivity present | 149 | Good | 73% (61–83) | 82% (72–90) | 77% (67–86) | 79% (67–88) |
| EEG cat. C pattern at 12 h | 66 | Good | 82% (63–94) | 63% (46–78) | 83% (64–94) | 62% (45–78) |
| Brainstem reflexes present | 149 | Good | 74% (62–84) | 68% (57–78) | 75% (63–85) | 68% (56–78) |
| Baseline: EEG cat. C pattern at 12 h OR brainstem reflexes present | 149 | Good | 70% (58–80) | 79% (68–87) | 75% (64–84) | 74% (62–84) |
| Baseline AND EEG reactivity present | 149 | Good | 89% (79–95) | 66% (54–76) | 87% (75–94) | 70% (59–79) |
Specificity, sensitivity, PPV, and NPV data are given as percentage (95% CI). For EEG, pattern classification, see Table 1.
cat. = category; CI = confidence interval; EEG = electroencephalographic; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value; SSEP = somatosensory evoked potential.