Table 4.
Potential micronutrient intake from diet and UNIMMAP supplement compared with the upper tolerable nutrient intake level (UL) for pregnancy set by the World Health Organization for global use
| Micronutrient | Pregnancy RNI | UNIMMAP | Total | UL (WHO)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A (μg/day) | 800b , c | 800 | 1600 | 3000b |
| Thiamin (mg/day) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.8 | ND |
| Riboflavin (mg/day) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.8 | ND |
| Niacin (mg/day) | 18 | 18 | 36 | 35 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg/day) | 1.9 | 1.9 | 3.8 | 100d |
| Vitamin B12 (μg/day) | 2.6 | 2.6 | 5.2 | ND |
| Folic acid (μg/day) | 600 | 400 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 55 | 70 | 125 | 1000 |
| Vitamin D (μg/day) | 5 | 5 | 10 | 50 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 7.5e | 10 | 17.5 | 1000f |
| Copper (mg/day) | ND | 2 | 2 | ND |
| Selenium (μg/day) | 30g | 65 | 95 | 400 |
| Iodine (μg/day) | 200g | 150 | 350 | ND |
| Iron (mg/day) | NDh | 30 | ND | ND |
| Zinc (mg/day) | 10g , i | 15 | 25 | 4000−8000 |
Based on recommendations for adults. UL values are not specified; information regarding UL values is found in the Toxicity section for each nutrient.
Retinol equivalents (REs).
Recommended safe intake.
B6 as pyridoxine.
Based on the 19‐ to 50‐year‐old age group; there are no specific recommendations for pregnancy.
Vitamin E toxicity occurs through excessive supplementation at high doses.
Based on third‐trimester pregnancy recommendations.
RNI not set because requirement depends on diet and amount of stored iron.
Based on moderate bioavailability of zinc.
ND, not determined; UNIMMAP, United Nations International Multiple Micronutrient Antenatal Preparation.
Bold values indicate that the total is greater than, or equal to, the UL.