Table 3.

Neural and non-neural components of wrist hyper-resistance in healthy subjects and patients with chronic stroke.

			Stroke, stratified by MAS
	Healthy n = 30	Stroke n = 45	MAS 0 n = 9	MAS 1 n = 12	MAS 1+ n = 11	MAS 2 n = 7	MAS 3 n = 6
NC (N)	0.36 [−0.07 to 1.66]	11.54* [4.84 to 20.99]	2.35‡ [0.86 to 10.88]	6.49 [3.58 to 15.75]	11.54 [8.96 to 20.29]	12.09 [8.93 to 26.64]	35.77 [21.97 to 47.21]
EC (N)	1.92 [1.41 to 2.72]	4.51* [3.31 to 7.87]	3.15† [2.32 to 3.99]	4.37 [2.88 to 6.99]	5.92 [4.43 to 8.12]	6.15 [4.38 to 8.10]	8.38 [3.92 to 22.11]
VC (N)	0.36 [0.15 to 0.63]	0.38 [0.04 to 0.67]	0.12‡ [−0.20 to 0.34]	0.22 [−0.20 to 0.57]	0.64 [0.38 to 1.04]	0.57 [0.11 to 0.75]	0.52 [−0.12 to 1.18]
Total (N)	2.61 [2.28 to 3.56]	17.43* [8.53 to 28.96]	4.62† [4.27 to 14.47]	12.71 [6.61 to 21.32]	18.74 [12.84 to 29.48]	18.64 [14.98 to 31.82]	43.28 [28.39 to 69.96]

Values are median [interquartile range]. MAS, modified Ashworth scale; NC, neural component; EC, elastic component; VC, viscous component; total, sum of three components. Level of significance of difference compared to healthy subjects (Mann-Whitney U test)

^*p < 0.001;

^†p < 0.01;

^‡p < 0.05.