Figure 4.
Learning-induced changes in canonical Wnt signaling. A, Object training significantly increased phospho-GSK3β levels 30 min after training (*p < 0.05 relative to controls). Protein levels of total β-catenin (B) and Cyclin D1 (C) were significantly increased 5 min, 30 min, and 4 h after training (*p < 0.05 relative to controls). After training, Wnt7a protein levels (D) were significantly increased at 5 min and PSD95 levels (E) were significantly increased at 4 h (*p < 0.05 relative to controls). Protein levels normalized to β-actin. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM percent change from vehicle. Insets show representative Western blots.