Experiment 1. Performance during Pavlovian and instrumental training. A, Pavlovian conditioning as the rate of magazine entries per minute during the CS and Pre-CS periods over sessions in Groups PIT, LP, and CS. B, Acquisition of instrumental conditioning showing performance on lever pressing and magazine entries per minute over sessions in Groups PIT, LP, and CS. C, Lever pressing performance of Group PIT and LP during test condition. Left, Performance of Group PIT is shown as lever pressing per minute during the Pre-CS period (Pre-CS), and separately during the CS period, for responding on the lever that, in training, delivered the same outcome as that predicted by the CS (Same) and on the lever that had delivered the different outcome (Different). Right, Performance of group LP is shown as lever presses per minute throughout the entire session. D, Magazine entries per minute of Groups PIT, LP, and CS during the test. Left, Magazine entries for group PIT and CS are separated into Pre-CS and CS periods. Right, Magazine entries for group LP throughout the entire session. Error bars indicate SEM.