Figure 5.
TgCRND8 neural progenitors generate an increased number of CR+ postmitotic neurons in vitro via RAGE/NF-κB axis. A, B, Confocal microscopy images of CR+ neurons (green) generated in vitro from adult hippocampal NPCs isolated from WT (A) and TgCRND8 (B) mice. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst (blue). Magnification, 600×. Scale bar, 56.25 μm. C, D, TgCRND8 NPCs gave rise to a higher percentage of CR+ neurons over total viable cells compared with WT NPCs (C) in the absence of differences in the apoptotic rate (D). Data represent the mean ± SEM of n = 3 experiments, run in triplicates. ***p < 0.001 versus WT cultures (Student's t test). E, F, In the presence of a neutralizing anti-RAGE antibody (E; α-RAGE, 20 μg/ml) or SN-50 peptide (F; 10 μg/ml) the percentage of CR+ neurons derived from TgCRND8 NPCs was similar to that of WT cultures. Treatment with SN-50 peptide also decreased the percentage of CR+ neurons in WT cultures compared with vehicle (F). Data represent the mean ± SEM of n = 3 experiments, run in triplicates. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 versus vehicle-treated WT cells (Student's t test). G, WT NPCs exposed to TgCRND8 NPC-conditioned medium (Tg) gave rise to a significantly higher percentage of CR+ cells compared with WT cells differentiated in the presence of standard (std) or WT NPC-conditioned (wt) media. Media switch experiments had no effect on neuronal differentiation of TgCRND8 NPC cultures. Data represent the mean ± SEM of n = 3 experiments, run in triplicates. **p < 0.01 versus WT cells differentiated in standard medium (Student's t test). H, Quantification of p65+ nuclei in WT NPCs after 2 h exposure to WT- or TgCRND8-conditioned media. Data are expressed as percentage of p65+ nuclei over total p65 IR cells. **p < 0.01 versus WT cells differentiated in standard medium (Student's t test). I, Percentage of CR+ cells in WT NPCs after 24 h exposure to WT- or TgCRND8-conditioned media in the presence or absence of JSH-23 (3 μm). I, Data represent the mean ± SEM of n = 3 experiments, run in triplicates. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus WT-conditioned medium; ##p < 0.01 versus vehicle-treated TgCRND8 medium (Student's t test).