Figure 4.

Direct contrast between singing with anesthesia and singing with normal feedback. A distinct pattern of significantly decreased activations emerged in the two groups. A, In the group of trained singers, anesthesia resulted in decreased BOLD activation within cortical sensorimotor and subcortical portions of the singing network, located in bilateral primary motor and left somatosensory cortex, right insula, thalamus, putamen, and the cerebellum in trained singers. B, Decreased activations in nonsingers comprised only subcortical motor areas (pallidum and the thalamus). All maps were thresholded for visual display at t = −3.1 voxel level and extent threshold of 10 voxels.