Figure 7.

The function of glial Glu transporter was critical for functional recovery during the first week after the stroke. A, Schematic drawing of TFB-TBOA injection experiment. TFB-TBOA (200 nm) was injected using the microdialysis technique 3 and 4 d after the stroke in the dark phase. In vivo microdialysis was performed 3 d after the stroke. The von Frey test was performed 2–3 d before the stroke and 2, 7, 14, and 18 d after the stroke. Inset, Several animals received methylene blue through the probe to confirm the distance of diffused drug. B, Concentration of Glu after TFB-TBOA or DMSO application. In vivo microdialysis was performed 3 d after the stroke or sham operation. Note that the concentration of Glu was significantly increased in stroke mice when TFB-TBOA was injected. *p < 0.05, compared with Sham (Bonferroni test). C–F, Changes in nociceptive threshold after the stroke and effect of TFB-TBOA treatment. The graphs show normalized data of von Frey test. A value >1 indicates that the threshold of sensation increases compared with that in Pre. The stroke induced a transient increase in the index induced by iHL stimulation only 2 d after the stroke (D), whereas TFB-TBOA application significantly extended the duration until recovery (F). Interestingly, the index value obtained by cHL stimulation was not altered by the stroke but increased after the stroke after TFB-TBOA application (E). ^#p < 0.05, compared with Pre in each group (Bonferroni test). ^##p < 0.01, compared with Pre in each group (Bonferroni test).