Table 1.
Tear film and ocular surface parameters of the defined subgroups
| Pure MGD | Pure ATD | MGD + ATD | Pure AB | SS + MGD | SS−MGD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n (%) | 598 (43.6) | 101 (7.4) | 229 (16.7) | 51 (3.7) | 39 (2.8) | 40 (2.9) |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 53.1 (16.9)a | 55.9 (17.1) | 58.0 (15.3) | 58.8 (22.9) | 56.1 (13.2) | 52.2 (14.5) |
| Female, n (%) of patients | 422 (70.6) | 77 (76.2) | 167 (72.9) | 24 (47.1)b | 34 (87.2) | 36 (90.0) |
| VAS, mean (SD), score 0–100 | 57.6 (21.5) | 57.4 (26.4) | 57.6 (21.0) | 55.0 (8.7) | 57.4 (25.3) | 56.0 (19.8) |
| FBUT, mean (SD), seconds | 5.9 (3.8)c | 4.1 (2.8) | 4.1 (2.9)f | 6.2 (3.6)e | 3.8 (3.9) | 2.8 (2.2) |
| Schirmer, mean (SD), mm | 20.8 (10.1)c | 4.6 (3.9) | 4.6 (2.9) | 20.6 (11.2)e | 9.8 (11.1) | 6.4 (7.8) |
| Fluorescein staining, mean (SD), score 0–3 | 0.28 (0.53)c | 0.65 (0.72) | 0.52 (0.65) | 0.54 (0.73) | 0.89 (0.84) | 1.17 (0.88)d |
| Lissamine green staining, mean (SD), score 0–3 | 1.33 (1.43)c | 2.77 (2.36) | 2.11 (1.82) | 1.54 (1.47) | 4.48 (2.48)g | 4.50 (2.45)d |
AB = anterior blepharitis; ATD = aqueous tear deficiency; FBUT = film break‐up time; MGD = meibomian gland dysfunction; SD = standard deviation; SS = Sjogren's syndrome; VAS = visual analogue scale.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the pure MGD and MGD + ATD group.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between pure AB and all other groups.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between pure MGD and pure ATD, MGD + ATD, SS + MGD and SS−MGD groups.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between SS−MGD and pure MGD, pure ATD, MGD + ATD and pure AB groups.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between pure AB and pure ATD, MGD + ATD, SS + MGD and SS−MGD groups.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between MGD + ATD and SS−MGD group.
Value indicates statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between SS + MGD and pure MGD, pure ATD, MGD + ATD and pure AB groups.