C-peptide concentration (A) and AUC (B) and glucagon concentration (C) and AUC (D)
responses to either a high-protein or a high-carbohydrate breakfast and a standardized
lunch in individuals with T2D. Arrows indicate when meals were consumed. Values are
means ± SEMs, n = 12. *Between breakfast and lunch,
P < 0.05; **Different from corresponding lunch,
P < 0.05; †Different by meal composition,
P < 0.05. CHO, carbohydrate breakfast; PRO, protein breakfast;
T2D, type 2 diabetes.