Table 5.
Description of studies examining the association between shift work and flight personnel, and prostate cancer
| References (first author) | Design | Country | Exposure | No. of cases | Measure of risk | Risk | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shift work | |||||||
| Conlon (2007) [125] | CC | Canada | Rotating shift | 369 | OR | 1.19 | 1.00–1.42 |
| Gapstur (2014) [126] | Coh | USA | Rotating shift | 268 | RR | 1.13 | 1.00–1.28 |
| Permanent afternoon/evening | 55 | RR | 1.35 | 1.04–1.75 | |||
| Permanent night | 16 | RR | 0.78 | 0.47–1.29 | |||
| Kubo (2006) [127] | Coh | Japan | Rotating shift | 7 | RR | 3.0 | 1.20–7.30 |
| Papantoniou (2015) [128] | CC | Spain | Permanent night | 156 | OR | 1.10 | 0.86–1.41 |
| Rotating night shift | 206 | OR | 1.17 | 0.93–1.47 | |||
| Parent (2012) [129] | CC | Canada | Night shift | 132 | OR | 2.77 | 1.96–3.91 |
| Yong (2014) [130] | Coh | Germany | Rotating shift including night | 146 | RR | 0.95 | 0.76–1.19 |
| Flight personel | |||||||
| Band (1996) [131] | Coh | Canada | Pilots | 34 | SIR | 1.87 | 1.38–2.53 |
| Irvine (1999) [132] | Coh | Great Britain | Pilots | 15 | SMR | 1.11 | 0.62–1.99 |
| Hammer (2014) [133] | Coh | 9 countries in Europe and USA | Pilots | 114 | SMR | 1.23 | 0.98–1.54 |
| Cabin crew | 17 | SMR | 0.75 | 0.40–1.41 | |||
CI, confidence interval; CC, case control study; Coh, cohort study; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative risk; SIR, standardized incidence ratio; SMR, standardized mortality ratio.